Feroza: Turquoise Gemstones

Turquoise is a hydrated phosphate of copper and aluminium. Copper gives the blue, while iron pushes it towards green. Some stones are an even, clean colour; others carry a network of brown or black veins called matrix, which forms a spider-web pattern in the best pieces.

Feroza has deep roots in this part of the world. Persian turquoise from the Nishapur area was famed for its pure robin's egg blue, and turquoise rings and inlays appear across Mughal and Central Asian art. Today turquoise also comes from the United States, China and Mexico. We describe origin only where we know it.

Natural, stabilised or imitation?

Turquoise is porous, and much of what is sold has been treated. Stabilisation, filling the pores with resin, is very common and makes softer turquoise hard enough to wear. Dyeing and reconstituted turquoise, made from powder and resin, are also widespread. Dyed howlite and magnesite, plastic and glass are frequent imitations. Each listing shows the treatment status we know, and any lab can test a stone.

When choosing, look for an intense, even sky blue for classic Feroza, or an attractive matrix pattern if you like character. A soft, chalky surface or very pale colour suggests lower quality.

In Pakistan Feroza is widely worn in silver rings, often by men, and many families see it as a stone of blessing in their tradition. We respect that and make no promises of effect.

At 5 to 6 on the hardness scale, turquoise is soft and absorbs oils, sweat, perfume and soap, which can turn it green over time. A bezel protects it. Remove rings for washing and cooking, and wipe the stone with a dry soft cloth.